Governance and Legislation

Denmark moves to replace Microsoft software as part of digital sovereignty strategy

(DigWatch – 13 June 2025) Prior to the Danish government’s formal decision, the cities of Copenhagen and Aarhus had already announced plans to reduce reliance on Microsoft software and cloud services. The national government has now followed suit. Caroline Stage, Denmark’s Minister of Digitalisation, confirmed that the government will begin transitioning from Microsoft Office to the open-source alternative, LibreOffice. The decision aligns with broader European Union efforts to enhance digital sovereignty—a concept referring to the ability of states to maintain control over their digital infrastructure, data, and technologies. – https://dig.watch/updates/denmark-moves-to-replace-microsoft-software-as-part-of-digital-sovereignty-strategy

Europe’s new digital diplomacy: From principles to power

(DigWatch – 11 June 2025) In a decisive geopolitical shift, the European Union has unveiled its 2025 International Digital Strategy, signalling a turn from a values-first diplomacy to a focus on security and competitiveness. As Jovan Kurbalija explains in his blog post titled ‘EU Digital Diplomacy: Geopolitical shift from focus on values to economic security‘, the EU is no longer simply exporting its regulatory ideals — often referred to as the ‘Brussels effect’ — but is now positioning digital technology as central to its economic and geopolitical resilience. – https://dig.watch/updates/europes-new-digital-diplomacy-from-principles-to-power

Shaping trustworthy AI: Early insights from the Hiroshima AI Process Reporting Framework

(Karine Perset, James Gealy, Sara Fialho Esposito – OECD.AI – 11 June 2025) As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly integrated into our economies and societies, questions about their trustworthiness, safety, and societal impact have never been more pressing. To address these concerns, the Hiroshima AI Process (HAIP) was launched by G7 countries in 2023, culminating in a landmark international code of conduct for organisations developing advanced AI systems. To support the implementation of this code, the OECD worked with experts from government, business, academia, and civil society to design a voluntary reporting framework. This framework aims to promote transparency, foster peer learning, and align AI development with democratic values and shared global interests. It was piloted in mid-2024 and officially launched in February 2025 at the French AI Action Summit. In this blog post, we share preliminary insights from the first wave of organisational reports submitted through the HAIP framework. These findings offer a glimpse into how leading companies and institutions are addressing AI-related risks, promoting transparency, and aligning their systems with the public interest. – https://oecd.ai/en/wonk/haip-reporting-insights

What if Organizations Ran Themselves?

(AI Frontiers – 11 June 2025) One morning in the near future, on far-flung servers many miles from Wall Street, a new type of organization begins buying and selling stock. Its mission: maximize return on investment. It uses a network of AI agents integrated into global trading platforms to buy and sell stock in milliseconds — fast, adaptive, and unburdened by human fatigue. This is much more sophisticated than today’s algorithmic traders. These agents aren’t just executing trades based on preordained rules and thresholds. They’re operating autonomously: using analysis to identify new markets, acquiring controlling interests in companies, and making complex strategic decisions typically left to human traders. By noon, the AI organization owns significant stakes in a dozen firms. It begins using its insider knowledge to front-run trades — an illegal practice similar to insider trading. But there’s another twist: thanks to distributed blockchain technology, this organization’s human owners are completely anonymous. Authorities are unable to identify accountable individuals, and by the time they attempt to intervene, the AI organization has already influenced confidence in the regulator’s ability to stabilize the market. This scenario may sound speculative, but such AI-enabled Autonomous Organizations (AAOs) are closer to reality than many people assume. While humans may initially build and deploy these organizations, they will be run largely or entirely by artificial intelligence — capable of acting in pursuit of goals, adapting to their environment, and coordinating action at scale, with limited or no direct human oversight. Their human initiators will sit behind the scenes, their identities opaque and insulated from any misdeeds. Eventually, the inception of an AAO itself may occur without human involvement at all, the result of autonomous action from a sufficiently resourced AI. Whether embedded in a legal corporation, deployed on decentralized infrastructure, or emerging from swarms of interlinked agents, the rise of autonomous organizations raises a fundamental question: How do we govern and regulate institutions that act autonomously, continuously evolve, and operate without regard to jurisdictional boundaries? – https://aifrontiersmedia.substack.com/p/what-if-organizations-ran-themselves

University of Leicester Gets £1 Million UK Grant to Develop AI Tool for Amazonian Biodiversity Work

(AI Insider – 11 June 2025) Traditional Amazonian communities will use an AI-driven digital toolkit to monitor biodiversity and assert control over local ecological knowledge, under a new research initiative led by the University of Leicester and supported by UKRI. The C950,000 project aims to train residents of nine communities across three Brazilian states to catalogue their traditional knowledge of flora, fauna, and ecosystems, and link this information to scientific biodiversity databases for conservation and market access. The initiative, part of the UKRI-CNPq Amazon+10 programme, will enable traditional communities to participate in policymaking and bioeconomy development while preserving socio-biodiversity amid increasing environmental threats to the Amazon rainforest. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/11/university-of-leicester-gets-1-million-uk-grant-to-develop-ai-tool-for-amazonian-biodiversity-work/

Ohio State Will Require ‘AI Fluency’ of All Students

(AI Insider – 11 June 2025) The Ohio State University will embed artificial intelligence into its undergraduate curriculum starting in fall 2025, making AI literacy a graduation requirement for all students by 2029. Backed by the university’s Education for Citizenship 2035 strategic plan, the “AI Fluency” initiative introduces foundational AI concepts through core seminars, open-access courses, and experiential learning across all disciplines. The program will also prepare faculty for evolving teaching and assessment models, expand AI integration into graduate and professional programs, and leverage institutional units such as the Center for Software Innovation to develop field-specific content. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/11/ohio-state-will-require-ai-fluency-of-all-students/

UK cyber agency pushes for ‘strategic policy agenda’ as government efforts stall

/Alexander Martin – The Record – 10 June 2025) Following years-long delays in the United Kingdom bringing forward new cybersecurity legislation, what seems to be an increasingly exasperated National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) called on Monday for the country to adopt a strategic policy agenda to tackle the growing risks. Although the NCSC — a part of the cyber and signals intelligence agency GCHQ — is not a policymaking body in the United Kingdom, its latest blog post is explicit in setting out the need for more political attention on cybersecurity. It was co-written by Ollie Whitehouse, the agency’s chief technology officer, and Paul W, its principal technical director. Whitehouse has repeatedly warned that the technology market is broken and failing to incentivize building resilient and secure technology, and argued that regulation and legislation are not keeping pace with technology change. – https://therecord.media/ncsc-pushes-uk-government-create-strategic-cyber-policy-agenda

Growing push in Europe to regulate children’s social media use

(DigWatch – 10 June 2025) Several European countries, led by Denmark, France, and Greece, are intensifying efforts to shield children from the potentially harmful effects of social media. With Denmark taking over the EU Council presidency from July, its Digital Minister, Caroline Stage Olsen, has made clear that her country will push for a ban on social media for children under 15. Olsen criticises current platforms for failing to remove illegal content and relying on addictive features that encourage prolonged use. She also warned that platforms prioritise profit and data harvesting over the well-being of young users. – https://dig.watch/updates/growing-push-in-europe-to-regulate-childrens-social-media-use

Switzerland to begin crypto data sharing in 2026

(DigWatch – 9 June 2025) Switzerland’s Federal Council has approved a bill to enable automatic exchange of crypto asset information with 74 partner countries. The bill, announced on 6 June, is expected to come into effect in January 2026, with the first data exchanges likely to begin in 2027. The move aims to improve tax transparency and crack down on cross-border tax evasion. Countries set to receive Switzerland’s crypto data include all EU member states, the United Kingdom, and most G20 nations. – https://dig.watch/updates/switzerland-to-begin-crypto-data-sharing-in-2026

UK judges issue warning on unchecked AI use by lawyers

(DigWatch – 9 June 2025) A senior UK judge has warned that lawyers may face prosecution if they continue citing fake legal cases generated by AI without verifying their accuracy. High Court justice Victoria Sharp called the misuse of AI a threat to justice and public trust, after lawyers in two recent cases relied on false material created by generative tools. – https://dig.watch/updates/uk-judges-issue-warning-on-unchecked-ai-use-by-lawyers

UK teams with tech giants on AI training

(DigWatch – 9 June 2025) The UK government is launching a nationwide AI skills initiative aimed at both workers and schoolchildren, with Prime Minister Keir Starmer announcing partnerships with major tech companies including Google, Microsoft and Amazon. The £187 million TechFirst programme will provide AI education to one million secondary students and train 7.5 million workers over the next five years. – https://dig.watch/updates/uk-teams-with-tech-giants-on-ai-training

Schools in the EU start adapting to the AI Act

(DigWatch – 8 June 2025) European schools are taking their first concrete steps to integrate AI in line with the EU AI Act, with educators and experts urging a measured, strategic approach to compliance. At a recent conference on AI in education, school leaders and policymakers explored how to align AI adoption with the incoming regulations. With key provisions of the EU AI Act already in effect and full enforcement coming by August 2026, the pressure is on schools to ensure their use of AI is transparent, fair, and accountable. The law classifies AI tools by risk level, with those used to evaluate or monitor students subject to stricter oversight. – https://dig.watch/updates/schools-in-the-eu-start-adapting-to-the-ai-act

AI for Safer Food: Promise and Challenges

(Basu Chandola – Observer Research Foundation) Access to safe, nutritious, and affordable food is essential to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development—especially its objective to ‘end hunger, achieve food security. and improved nutrition.’ However, unsafe food has been linked to causing over 200 different types of diseases, with nearly 600 million people succumbing to illness after consuming unsafe food every year. The theme of this year’s World Food Safety Day—‘Food Safety: Science in Action’—highlights the vital role of scientific knowledge in ensuring safe food for all. Against this backdrop, this commentary explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can become a powerful tool to strengthen food safety systems globally and address the implementation challenges associated with such apparatus. Conventional food safety systems are struggling to keep up with sophisticated, globalised food systems and the emerging risks they present. While surveillance gaps continue to widen, AI-enabled technology is driving new methodologies in detecting, tracing, and preventing contamination. – https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/ai-for-safer-food-promise-and-challenges

Geostrategies

NVIDIA to Build Europe’s First 10,000-GPU Industrial AI Cloud in Germany

(AI Insider – 13 June 2025) NVIDIA has unveiled plans for Europe’s first industrial AI cloud, a Germany-based “AI factory” equipped with 10,000 GPUs drawn from DGX B200 systems and RTX PRO Servers. The facility will stream accelerated computing power to manufacturers for design, simulation, digital-twin planning and robotics. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/13/nvidia-to-build-europes-first-10000-gpu-industrial-ai-cloud-in-germany/

China Ramps Up Photonic Chip Production With Eye on AI and Quantum Computing

(Quantum Insider – 13 June 2025) China has launched its first production line for thin-film lithium niobate photonic chips, positioning itself to compete in global AI, quantum computing, and 6G markets. The CHIPX pilot line achieves performance benchmarks that surpass global standards, including modulation bandwidth over 110 GHz and ultra-low signal loss, while enabling rapid chip iteration. Although countries like the U.S. and the Netherlands began earlier, China’s TFLN-based approach and domestic scaling ambitions mark a new phase in the international photonics race. – https://thequantuminsider.com/2025/06/13/china-ramps-up-photonic-chip-production-with-eye-on-ai-and-quantum-computing/

China’s AI chip tool QiMeng beats engineers, designs processors in just days

(Interesting Engineering – 10 June 2025) As the US-China tech war intensifies, both nations are racing to secure independence in critical technologies. With Washington tightening access to advanced chip tools, Beijing is ramping up efforts to break its reliance on Western software. In a major step, China’s top scientific body has unveiled a homegrown, AI-powered system to automate chip design, an area long dominated by American firms. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/chinas-ai-chip-tool-qimeng-beats-engineers-designs-processors-in-just-days

Canada Makes Quantum Technology a G7 Priority

(Quantum Insider – 8 June 2025) Canada has made quantum technology a core focus of its 2025 G7 agenda, positioning it as a strategic tool for economic growth, energy security, and digital transition. The announcement follows coordinated lobbying by Quantum Industry Canada and international partners, calling for trusted collaboration on quantum supply chains, cybersecurity, and competitiveness. A global industry summit, QUANTUM NOW, will be held in Montréal days after the G7, aiming to align business, policy, and investment strategies around industrial quantum deployment. – https://thequantuminsider.com/2025/06/08/canada-makes-quantum-technology-a-g7-priority/

Semiconductor innovation drives AI chip boom

(DigWatch – 7 June 2025) The global AI chip design market is set for explosive growth, with its value projected to rise from USD 73.87 billion in 2024 to USD 468.9 billion by 2032. This rapid expansion, driven by a 25.98% compound annual growth rate, reflects rising demand for AI in everyday devices, cloud computing, and industrial automation. – https://dig.watch/updates/semiconductor-innovation-drives-ai-chip-boom

Saudi Arabia’s AI ambition, and what it means for the United States

(Mohammed Soliman – Middle East Institute – 5 June 2025) A day before Air Force One touched down in Riyadh to kick off US President Donald Trump’s three-country tour of the Gulf, Saudi Arabia made a pivotal announcement. The kingdom, long synonymous with oil, revealed a major investment in artificial intelligence (AI) through its newly launched company, HumAIn. This pivot, explicitly timed to coincide with Trump’s visit starting on May 13, and in anticipation of the signing of multiple tech deals between US and Gulf firms during the trip, signaled a profound shift in US-Saudi relations — from a traditional oil-for-security alliance to a partnership centered on AI and digital infrastructure. Saudi Arabia’s AI ambition is anchored in Vision 2030, the country’s strategy for economic diversification and social reform. Unveiled in 2016, Vision 2030 aims inter alia to reduce the kingdom’s dependency on oil, which has historically accounted for more than 40% of its GDP and 80% of export revenue. In place of petroleum exports, Riyadh envisions a digital economy powered by AI — positioning the kingdom as a global hub for compute infrastructure, the essential backbone for training models and powering inference at scale. Saudi Arabia’s strategy is to become the prime backend provider of compute-as-a-service for emerging markets across Africa and Asia. – https://www.mei.edu/publications/saudi-arabias-ai-ambition-and-what-it-means-united-states

Security, Defense, Intelligence, and Warfare

Understanding Conflict Through Satellite Imagery

(David Mansfield – Lawfare – 13 June 2025) In recent years, high-resolution satellite imagery and geospatial analysis have become increasingly valuable tools in documenting the effects of conflict, including the widespread destruction of infrastructure, property, and lives in Ukraine, Gaza, and Sudan. In January, satellite imagery played a pivotal role in the U.S. Department of State’s determination that members of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and allied militias had committed genocide in their attacks against non-Arab communities in several locations in Sudan. Most recently it has been used to document the damage caused by missile and drone strikes in the ongoing India and Pakistan conflict. Conducting research on sensitive or contentious issues in fragile and conflict-affected areas where demographic data is flawed, access to remote and insecure areas is challenging, and representative samples prove particularly elusive is a perennial problem. In these terrains, fieldwork is typically limited and skewed by security concerns and the associated costs, and it is often the voices of elites that are the loudest and most prominent. The Farsi phrase “Can hearing ever be like seeing?” reflects the greater weight that should be given to the things we can see for ourselves, compared to what we are told. To this end, satellite imagery and informed analysis can be usefully deployed to study complex and sensitive issues in fragile and conflict-affected areas and support more effective policy development. While imagery is not a substitute for talking to the people directly impacted by conflict, our research on the outbreak of heavy fighting between Iran and Afghanistan in May 2023 shows that it is a critical tool in developing a better understanding of these complex terrains, where the loudest voices can dominate the media and social landscapes and skew research findings—and, all too often, policy outcomes. – https://www.lawfaremedia.org/article/understanding-conflict-through-satellite-imagery

NSA and allies set AI data security standards

(DigWatch – 13 June 2025) The National Security Agency (NSA), in partnership with cybersecurity agencies from the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and others, has released new guidance aimed at protecting the integrity of data used in AI systems. The Cybersecurity Information Sheet (CSI), titled AI Data Security: Best Practices for Securing Data Used to Train & Operate AI Systems, outlines emerging threats and sets out 10 recommendations for mitigating them. – https://dig.watch/updates/nsa-and-allies-set-ai-data-security-standards

SIRIUS SPoC network meets in Warsaw to tackle e-evidence challenges

(Europol – 12 June 2025) The sixth Single Point of Contact (SPoC) Network Meeting, organised by SIRIUS and the Polish Central Cybercrime Bureau within the framework of the Polish Presidency in the EU, took place on 11-12 June 2025 in Warsaw, Poland. The event brought together law enforcement authorities and online service providers from across Europe to address the growing complexity of cross-border access to electronic evidence. – https://www.europol.europa.eu/media-press/newsroom/news/sirius-spoc-network-meets-in-warsaw-to-tackle-e-evidence-challenges

INTERPOL cracks down on global cybercrime networks

(DigWatch – 12 June 2025) Over 20,000 malicious IP addresses and domains linked to data-stealing malware have been taken down during Operation Secure, a coordinated cybercrime crackdown led by INTERPOL between January and April 2025. Law enforcement agencies from 26 countries worked together to locate rogue servers and dismantle criminal networks instead of tackling threats in isolation. The operation, supported by cybersecurity firms including Group-IB, Kaspersky and Trend Micro, led to the removal of nearly 80 per cent of the identified malicious infrastructure. Authorities seized 41 servers, confiscated over 100GB of stolen data and arrested 32 suspects. – https://dig.watch/updates/interpol-cracks-down-on-global-cybercrime-networks

Advanced Space Technologies. Challenges and Opportunities for U.S. National Security

(Michael O’Connor and Kathleen Curlee (CSET – June 2025) The United States is home to a growing set of companies building advanced space technologies, from lunar landers to satellite servicing systems. These firms are taking on missions once led by government and developing capabilities the government does not yet field. But limited profitability, export restrictions, and free government services may constrain growth unless targeted investments and smart policies help sustain a dynamic, secure commercial space sector. This report explores the U.S. advanced space technologies industry and highlights challenges and opportunities the state of the industry presents for national security. – https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/advanced-space-technologies/

US Navy’s secret SONGBOW laser packs 400kW punch to fry drones, missiles mid-air

(Interesting Engineering – 12 June 2025) The US Navy has taken a significant step forward in the race to develop next-generation laser weaponry by launching its highly classified ‘SONGBOW’ program. This week, the Department of Defense confirmed that a $29.9 million contract has been awarded to Coherent Aerospace & Defense to develop advanced directed-energy systems, including a powerful 400-kilowatt laser capable of destroying drones, missiles, and other aerial threats. – https://interestingengineering.com/military/us-navy-400kw-songbow-laser

AI tools are not enough without basic cybersecurity

(DigWatch – 12 June 2025) At London Tech Week, Darktrace and UK officials warned that many firms are over-relying on AI tools while failing to implement basic cybersecurity practices. Despite the hype around AI, essential measures like user access control and system segmentation remain missing in many organisations. – https://dig.watch/updates/ai-tools-are-not-enough-without-basic-cybersecurity

World’s first 20-ton twin-sonar drone turns oceans into submarine hunting ground

(Interesting Engineering – 12 June 2025) SonarTech, a South Korean defense technology firm specializing in advanced sonar systems, has recently unveiled a prototype unmanned surface vessel (USV) for anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and mine warfare operations. The vessel, ASW-USV or ASW-KUSV, represents a significant evolution in South Korea’s maritime defense strategy and highlights the growing role of autonomous platforms in undersea warfare. – https://interestingengineering.com/military/20-ton-twin-sonar-sea-drone

Reimagining Paul Revere: Building Drone Brigades in the U.S. Army Reserve

(Benjamin Jensen – CSIS – 10 June 2025) In the future, the U.S. Army Reserve will call upon the spirit of Paul Revere—not on horseback, but in the form of unmanned systems. These drone brigades will conduct reconnaissance, strike targets, resupply isolated units, and protect power projection infrastructure. They will be citizen soldiers for a digital age, mixing tradition with transformation in contact. Since the founding of the republic and Paul Revere’s famed ride that sparked the raid on Fort William and Mary, citizen soldiers have played a critical role in defending American interests. In fact, Americans had militia charters and were a people numerous and armed, issuing letters of marquee well before the Declaration of Independence. In the future, the U.S. Army Reserve will need to call on the best of tradition and field new unmanned brigades capable of missions ranging from intelligence collection to resupply, medical evacuation, and close combat—all missions performed by drones in Ukraine. In addition to the Reserve’s focus on combat support and combat service support, it can add new unmanned combat arms formations that also provide low-cost test beds for experimentation. This model will align proven battlefield technology—multi-mission drones—with the enduring strategic function of the Reserve: scaling national power in a time of crisis. – https://www.csis.org/programs/futures-lab/projects/next-army-envisioning-us-army-250-and-beyond

Is Ukraine’s Drone Attack a Turning Point in the War?

(Soufan Center – 11 June 2025) Ukraine launched operation Spiderweb in early June, an unprecedented covert drone strike that hit five Russian airbases, damaging or destroying 41 aircraft – including Tu-95 and Tu-22 strategic bombers as well as A-50 surveillance planes – causing an estimated $7 billion in losses. The operation showcased Ukraine’s advanced planning and technological innovation in drones, using AI-enhanced, semi-autonomous FPV drones launched from within Russian territory to overwhelm defenses. Strategically, Spiderweb shattered the perception of Russia’s strategic depth, weakened its long-range strike and surveillance capabilities, and disrupted its nuclear deterrence posture. Emerging technologies like long-range, AI-enhanced FPV drones are reshaping modern warfare, with their use being demonstrated in Ukraine and other conflicts, as their low cost and effectiveness drive a global unmanned arms race, altering military economics and doctrine worldwide. – https://thesoufancenter.org/intelbrief-2025-june-11/

NATO releases new Science & Technology Strategy

(NATO – 11 June 2025) On Thursday (5 June 2025), NATO Defence Ministers endorsed the new NATO Science and Technology (S&T) Strategy. In support of NATO’s 2022 Strategic Concept, the Strategy positions S&T as a central pillar for preserving NATO’s military and technological edge. – https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_236107.htm

Swedish fighter jet autonomously flies real combat mission using onboard AI

(Interesting Engineering – 11 June 2025) In a bold step toward the future of air combat, Saab’s Gripen E fighter jet has completed its first test flights with an AI agent in the cockpit, executing real-world combat maneuvers. Conducted under Saab’s Project Beyond, the flights saw the AI system, called Centaur, take control of the jet and carry out Beyond Visual Range (BVR) missions. The first flight took place on May 28, with two more conducted in early June — marking a breakthrough in the push to integrate autonomous systems into frontline fighters. – https://interestingengineering.com/military/gripen-e-ai-first-combat-flight-saab-helsing

For Air Force weather experts, the cloud is the future – rain or shine

(Courtney Albon – Defense News – 10 June 2025) After spending the better part of a decade transitioning outdated systems and infrastructure to the cloud, the Air Force agency responsible for providing key weather and environmental inputs for military and intelligence operations is starting to see a silver lining. Air Force Weather started its digital transformation in 2017 amid a broader U.S. government push to migrate away from siloed data centers to more secure, efficient and capable could-based environments. As the Air Force’s largest special-purpose data processing node — crunching around 80 terabytes of data, or the equivalent of 6.6 billion pages of text, a day — the organization was a “big fat target” for cyber threats, according to Fred Fahlbusch, Air Force Weather’s data domain officer and chief of the weather resources, programs, data and cybersecurity division. – https://www.defensenews.com/air/2025/06/10/for-air-force-weather-experts-the-cloud-is-the-future-rain-or-shine/

Cybersecurity alarm after 184 million credentials exposed

(DigWatch – 10 June 2025) A vast unprotected database containing over 184 million credentials from major platforms and sectors has highlighted severe weaknesses in data security worldwide. The leaked credentials, harvested by infostealer malware and stored in plain text, pose significant risks to consumers and businesses, underscoring an urgent need for stronger cybersecurity and better data governance. Cybersecurity researcher Jeremiah Fowler discovered the 47 GB database exposing emails, passwords, and authorisation URLs from tech giants like Google, Microsoft, Apple, Facebook, and Snapchat, as well as banking, healthcare, and government accounts. – https://dig.watch/updates/cybersecurity-alarm-after-184-million-credentials-exposed

UK’s Royal Navy tests underwater robot to protect critical undersea infrastructure

(Interesting Engineering – 9 June 2025) The UK Navy has started testing an advanced underwater robot designed to protect critical undersea cables and pipelines by identifying and neutralizing potential sabotage threats. The remotely operated vehicle (ROV), developed to tackle sabotage threats and unexploded ordnance (UXO) which pose significant risks to both ships and the divers assigned to handle them, was adapted by the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL), an executive agency of the UK Ministry of Defence. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/uks-royal-navy-tests-underwater-robot-to-protect-critical-undersea-infrastructure

Nvidia and FCA open AI sandbox for UK fintechs

(DigWatch – 9 June 2025) Financial firms across the UK will soon be able to experiment with AI in a new regulatory sandbox, launched by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in partnership with Nvidia. Known as the Supercharged Sandbox, it offers a secure testing ground for firms wanting to explore AI tools without needing their advanced computing resources. – https://dig.watch/updates/nvidia-and-fca-open-ai-sandbox-for-uk-fintechs

Anthropic debuts AI tools for US national security

(DigWatch – 8 June 2025) Anthropic has launched a new line of AI models, Claude Gov, explicitly tailored for US national security operations. Built with direct input from government clients, top-tier agencies already use the models. These classified-use models were developed with enhanced safety testing and are optimised for handling sensitive material, including improved handling of classified data, rare language proficiency, and defence-specific document comprehension. – https://dig.watch/updates/anthropic-debuts-ai-tools-for-us-national-security

Frontiers

New AI Method Makes Cancer Tracking Faster and Easier Using Blood Tests

(AI Insider – 14 June 2025) Scientists at A*STAR Genome Institute of Singapore have developed an AI-based method called Fragle that tracks cancer more accurately and affordably by analyzing the size patterns of DNA fragments in blood. Published in Nature Biomedical Engineering, Fragle can detect cancer signals from small blood samples without relying on costly DNA sequencing, making it compatible with existing hospital workflows and commercial lab methods. The system has shown high accuracy across hundreds of patient samples and multiple cancer types, and is now being tested with the National Cancer Centre Singapore to monitor relapse and treatment response in lung cancer patients. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/14/new-ai-method-makes-cancer-tracking-faster-and-easier-using-blood-tests/

Researchers Claim Efficient Pruning Method to Reduce AI Memory and Computational Cost

(AI Insider – 13 June 2025) A study from Bar-Ilan University published in Physical Review E finds that deep learning systems can eliminate up to 90% of internal parameters through a method called pruning, without compromising performance. The researchers showed that identifying which parts of a neural network are essential leads to smaller, faster, and less energy-intensive models—potentially reducing the environmental and computational costs of AI. The team validated their method with simulations and mathematical modeling, though further testing in larger systems is needed to confirm broad applicability. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/13/researchers-claim-efficient-pruning-method-to-reduce-ai-memory-and-computational-cost/

Google DeepMind’s AI Cyclone Model Aims to Improve Hurricane Forecasting

(AI Insider – 13 June 2025) Google DeepMind and Google Research have developed Weather Lab, an AI model now being tested by the U.S. National Hurricane Center that predicts tropical cyclones with longer lead times and improved accuracy. The model uses a stochastic neural network to simulate 50 possible storm outcomes up to 15 days in advance, outperforming leading physics-based models by 1.5 days in five-day forecast benchmarks. Weather Lab integrates storm track, intensity, and wind radius predictions into a single framework, offering emergency planners more comprehensive data, though it remains experimental for now. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/13/google-deepminds-ai-cyclone-model-aims-to-improve-hurricane-forecasting/

Recycling Is Good for Quantum Error Correction, Too — Scientists Extend Qubit Lifetimes by Reusing and Replacing Atoms Mid-Circuit

(Quantum Computing – 14 June 2025) Researchers from Atom Computing, joined by Microsoft Quantum and others, demonstrated that reusing and replacing helper qubits midcircuit can support long-running, fault-tolerant quantum operations on neutral atom processors. The team achieved up to 41 rounds of error detection using repetition codes while maintaining stable error rates and demonstrated encoded Bell state preparation with a 0.4% logical failure rate. The study also showed that lost atoms could be replenished from an external trap midcircuit without disrupting coherence, advancing neutral atom systems toward scalable quantum error correction. – https://thequantuminsider.com/2025/06/14/recycling-is-good-for-quantum-error-correction-too-scientists-extend-qubit-lifetimes-by-reusing-and-replacing-atoms-mid-circuit/

We’ll Be Arguing for Years Whether Large Language Models Can Make New Scientific Discoveries

(Edward Parker – AI Frontiers – 13 June 2025) When OpenAI released its newest AI models o3 and o4-mini in April, its president Greg Brockman made an intriguing claim: “These are the first models where top scientists tell us they produce legitimately good and useful novel ideas.”. If AI can indeed make scientific discoveries, that would not only have practical impacts for society but would also provide evidence that we’ve achieved true digital intelligence. But reaching expert consensus on what counts as a “scientific discovery by an AI” may prove more elusive than expected. – https://aifrontiersmedia.substack.com/p/well-be-arguing-for-years-whether

Breaking Ground in Quantum Computing: QSA’s Trapped-Ion Advances

(Quantum Insider – 13 June 2025) Researchers at the Quantum Systems Accelerator (QSA) are advancing trapped-ion quantum computing through engineering advances that enable scaling, faster operations, and new measurement techniques. Sandia National Laboratories developed the “enchilada trap,” a novel ion trap design that supports up to 200 ions while reducing power dissipation, laying groundwork for higher qubit counts. QSA teams at the University of Maryland and Duke University demonstrated parallel quantum gate operations and large-scale entanglement using squeezing, respectively, both key steps toward building faster, more reliable, and verifiably quantum machines. – https://thequantuminsider.com/2025/06/13/breaking-ground-in-quantum-computing-qsas-trapped-ion-advances/

UK bets $956 million on new Edinburgh supercomputer to lead global AI push

(Interesting Engineering – 12 June 2025) The University of Edinburgh will host the UK’s new $956 million (£750 million) national supercomputer, reaffirming its role at the forefront of artificial intelligence and high-performance computing. The system, one of the most powerful in the world, will be housed at the University’s Advanced Computing Facility and used by researchers and industry nationwide for complex modelling, simulations, and AI-driven analysis in areas such as climate science, medicine, and national security. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/edinburgh-hosts-uk-supercomputer

Otus: World’s 5th most efficient supercomputer powered entirely by green energy

(Interesting Engineering – 12 June 2025) Paderborn University’s new supercomputer, Otus, has secured an impressive fifth place in the international ‘Green 500’ rankings. The Green 500 is a benchmark for the world’s most energy-efficient high-performance computing (HPC) systems. The University unveiled the supercomputer at the ISC High-Performance trade fair in Hamburg this month. It is set for an official launch in the third quarter of 2025. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/otus-worlds-5th-most-efficient-supercomputer

New brain-computer tech helps paralyzed patient speak to loved ones in real time

(Interesting Engineering – 12 June 2025) A new brain-computer interface (BCI) system has allowed a patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) to “speak” with his family in real time. ALS is a neurological disease that damages nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, leading to a loss of muscle control. According to its developers at the University of California, Davis, this new “investigational” BCI aims to facilitate “faster, more natural conversation.” – https://interestingengineering.com/science/new-bci-lets-paralyzed-patient-talk

US quantum tech unlocks 3D acceleration using 6 hair-thin lasers, cold atoms

(Interesting Engineering – 12 June 2025) A new type of atom interferometer built by researchers at the University of Colorado (UC) Boulder measures acceleration in three dimensions (3D). Prior to this, acceleration was always measured in one dimension. This new quantum-based device could one-day help spacecraft, submarines, and even vehicles navigate more precisely, the university said. The current navigation system, commonly known as GPS (Global Positioning System), uses electronic sensors called accelerometers. When operated over the years, these devices age and need to be eventually replaced. An atom-based device does not age and can be used for decades without needing replacement. – https://interestingengineering.com/science/atom-interferometer-measure-acceleration-in-3d

When Barbie meets Matrix: Mattel taps OpenAI for smart AI-powered toys

(Interesting Engineering – 12 June 2025) First, it was the box office success of Barbie, which slingshot Mattel into Hollywood glory, and now it is getting techy with OpenAI. The toymaker has announced a strategic partnership with OpenAI to develop a new line of AI-powered products and experiences, marking its latest expansion move beyond traditional toys. The deal, revealed Thursday, brings together Mattel’s legacy in play and OpenAI’s advanced technology to build smarter, interactive, and safe experiences for kids and families around the world. – https://interestingengineering.com/culture/mattel-openai-chatgpt-integration

Exploring the Dangers of AI in Mental Health Care

(Stanford HAI – 11 June 2025) Therapy is a well-tested approach to helping people with mental health challenges, yet research shows that nearly 50 percent of individuals who could benefit from therapeutic services are unable to reach them. Low-cost and accessible AI therapy chatbots powered by large language models have been touted as one way to meet the need. But new research from Stanford University shows that these tools can introduce biases and failures that could result in dangerous consequences. “LLM-based systems are being used as companions, confidants, and therapists, and some people see real benefits,” said Nick Haber, an assistant professor at the Stanford Graduate School of Education, affiliate of the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI, and senior author on the new study. “But we find significant risks, and I think it’s important to lay out the more safety-critical aspects of therapy and to talk about some of these fundamental differences.” – https://hai.stanford.edu/news/exploring-the-dangers-of-ai-in-mental-health-care

FDA Launches Generative AI to Streamline Operations

(AI Insider – 11 June 2025) The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has launched Elsa, a generative AI tool designed to streamline internal operations and assist staff with reading, summarizing, writing, and coding tasks. Deployed ahead of schedule and under budget, Elsa was developed within a secure GovCloud environment and does not train on proprietary industry data, instead leveraging internal agency documents. Elsa is already helping accelerate clinical protocol reviews, scientific evaluations, and inspection targeting, with future plans for expanded use cases across the FDA’s regulatory workflows. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/11/fda-launches-generative-ai-to-streamline-operations/

Sensitive skin can enable robots to detect information about surroundings like humans

(Interesting Engineering – 11 June 2025) A highly sensitive skin that can be added to robotic hands like a glove has been developed by U.K. researchers. The low-cost, durable skin can enable robots to detect information about their surroundings in a way that’s similar to humans. The flexible, conductive skin, is easy to fabricate and can be melted down and formed into a wide range of complex shapes. Developed by researchers from the University of Cambridge and University College London (UCL), the latest technology senses and processes a range of physical inputs, allowing robots to interact with the physical world in a more meaningful way. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/electronic-skin-give-robot-human-touch

Stanford’s New AI Agent Could Serve as ‘Junior Scientist’ to Explore Potential Cures And Treatments

(AI Insider – 11 June 2025) Stanford researchers have developed CellVoyager, an AI agent that autonomously analyzes biological datasets and outperforms top AI models in generating scientifically valid hypotheses. The system uses large language models and live coding environments to design, execute, and revise experiments without human prompts, achieving a 20% accuracy boost over GPT-4o in benchmark tests. CellVoyager revealed novel findings in case studies on COVID-19, brain aging, and the menstrual cycle, and may help scale reanalysis of existing datasets where human resources are limited. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/11/stanfords-new-ai-agent-could-serve-as-junior-scientist-to-explore-potential-cures-and-treatments/

University of Tokyo Study Shows AI Can Close Skill Gaps

(AI Insider – 11 June 2025) A University of Tokyo case study found that an AI app predicting customer demand boosted productivity by 7% for less-experienced taxi drivers in Yokohama, Japan, narrowing skill gaps. The research suggests AI can act as a “deskilling” technology, benefiting low-skilled workers more than high-skilled ones, challenging trends that widen inequality. Despite its benefits, many less-skilled drivers avoided using the AI app, highlighting a reluctance to adopt new technology that could impact broader workforce adoption. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/11/university-of-tokyo-study-shows-ai-can-close-skill-gaps/

Sussex Researchers’ Ability to Detect Tiny Electric Fields 100-times More Effectively Could Boost Quantum Computing And Beyond

(Quantum Insider – 11 June 2025) Quantum researchers at the University of Sussex have developed the world’s most sensitive method for detecting electric fields, improving previous benchmarks by a factor of 100. The technique uses a single charged atom in a superposition state to detect low-frequency electric fields, with potential applications in brain imaging, defense, communications, and geological exploration. Originally created to identify and eliminate noise in quantum computers, the technology could eventually enable breakthroughs in mental health treatments, epilepsy monitoring, and next-generation quantum sensors. – https://thequantuminsider.com/2025/06/11/sussex-researchers-ability-to-detect-tiny-electric-fields-100-times-more-effectively-could-boost-quantum-computing-and-beyond/

Oxford Physicists Set New World Record For Qubit Operation Accuracy

( %, or one error in 6.7 million operations—marking a new global benchmark in qubit control. The record was set using a trapped calcium ion qubit controlled by microwave signals, offering greater stability and cost-efficiency than traditional laser-based methods. While single-qubit precision has reached unprecedented levels, two-qubit gate errors remain significantly higher and present the next challenge for building fully fault-tolerant quantum computers. – https://thequantuminsider.com/2025/06/11/oxford-physicists-set-new-world-record-for-qubit-operation-accuracy/

IBM sets 2029 target for quantum breakthrough

(DigWatch – 11 June 2025) IBM has set out a detailed roadmap to deliver a practical quantum computer by 2029, marking a major milestone in its long-term strategy. The company plans to build its ‘Starling’ quantum system at a new data centre in Poughkeepsie, New York, targeting around 200 logical qubits—enough to begin outperforming classical computers in specific tasks instead of lagging due to error correction limitations. – https://dig.watch/updates/ibm-sets-2029-target-for-quantum-breakthrough

Apple study finds AI fails on complex tasks

(DigWatch – 11 June 2025) A recent study by Apple researchers exposed significant limitations in the capabilities of advanced AI systems and huge reasoning models (LRMs). Apple’s team suggested this may point to a fundamental limit in how current AI models scale up to general reasoning. – https://dig.watch/updates/apple-study-finds-ai-fails-on-complex-tasks

OpenAI releases o3-pro: Smarter, sharper, more capable version for AI reasoning

(Interesting Engineering – 11 June 2025) The battle between Large Language Models for acquiring users is heating up day by day, with all companies coming up with newer and better versions for their LLMs. OpenAI, regarded as one of the pioneers in this space, has recently launched the o3-pro, claiming that it’s their most capable version for research till date. It’s predecessor, o3, was launched by the company last year. – https://interestingengineering.com/culture/openai-o3-pro-reasoning-model

Meta’s new V-JEPA 2 AI helps robots predict and plan using nothing but raw video data

(Interesting Engineering – 11 June 2025) Meta has unveiled V-JEPA 2, an advanced AI model designed to help machines understand and predict physical interactions in the real world. Trained entirely on video data, V-JEPA 2 improves how robots and AI agents process cause-and-effect logic, allowing them to think before they act. The company sees this as a critical step toward building artificial general intelligence, a direction widely seen as essential for developing truly thinking AI systems. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/meta-vjepa2-ai-world-model

Meta races to build ‘superintelligent’ AI as Zuckerberg takes charge

(Interesting Engineering – 11 June 2025) Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg is now taking personal control of a bold and secretive mission: building a superintelligent AI that could outperform human capabilities. According to a Bloomberg report, Zuckerberg is forming a handpicked team to pursue this ambitious vision, signaling his growing frustration with Meta’s recent AI progress. He has reportedly hosted a series of in-depth meetings with top AI experts at his private homes in Lake Tahoe and Palo Alto, California. While Meta has declined to comment, sources suggest that the CEO’s involvement marks a new phase in Meta’s push to compete with leading players like OpenAI. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/zuckerberg-assembling-team-to-build-superintelligence

Tesla ‘tentatively’ plans robotaxi launch in Austin on June 22, says Elon Musk

(Interesting Engineering – 11 June 2025) Tesla CEO Elon Musk announced that the company is “tentatively” preparing to launch its long-awaited robotaxi service in Austin, Texas, on June 22. The date, however, isn’t set in stone. In a post on X, Musk said Tesla is “being super paranoid about safety,” and the rollout could be delayed depending on final safety checks. This announcement comes after months of speculation by investors and industry analysts who have been waiting for Tesla to make a serious move into the autonomous vehicle (AV) market. Earlier this year, Musk confirmed that the service would begin operations in June, with Austin as the first city. – https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/elon-musk-tesla-robotaxi-launch

Self-driving cars slash pedestrian danger by 51% with new ‘thinking’ AI

(Interesting Engineering – 10 June 2025) Last month, Waymo recalled over 1,200 autonomous taxis after a string of accidents involving utility poles, chain link fences, and other stationary objects. The incidents raised fresh concerns about how self-driving cars respond in real-world environments, especially where quick, ethical decisions are required. But a breakthrough from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) could help autonomous vehicles (AVs) handle traffic with the moral reasoning of a human driver. – https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/autonomous-vehicle-safety-upgrade-hkust

Digital twin tech powers smarter insulin delivery in artificial pancreas trials

(Interesting Engineering – 10 June 2025) Researchers in the US have designed an interactive artificial pancreas system that uses digital twin technology to control type 1 diabetes, showing promising results in early trials. Designed by scientists at the University of Virginia, the new technology called Adaptive Biobehavioral Control (ABC), significantly improved blood sugar control by adapting more closely to the user’s changing physiological needs. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/digital-twin-tech-powers-smarter-insulin-delivery-in-artificial-pancreas-trials

Toyota set to launch world’s first robot city at Japan’s Mount Fuji base in 2025

(Interesting Engineering – 10 June 2025) At the foot of Mount Fuji, Japan has launched one of its most ambitious technological experiments, known as Woven City, a fully connected, self-contained prototype metropolis developed by Toyota Motor Corporation. More than a decade in conceptual development and five years in construction, the 175-acre site is designed to serve as a real-world testbed for future mobility, smart infrastructure, and sustainable living. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/toyota-set-to-launch-worlds-first-robot-city

World’s first fault-tolerant quantum computer by IBM to run 100 million operations

(Interesting Engineering – 10 June 2025) The world’s largest industrial research organization has revealed its plans to develop the first large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computer, paving the way for practical and scalable quantum computing by the decade’s end. Technology company IBM, also called the Big Blue, revealed that the groundbreaking innovation Starling will be capable of running quantum circuits with over 100 million quantum gates on 200 logical qubits. – https://interestingengineering.com/science/fault-tolerant-quantum-computer

Northwestern Researchers Use AI to Identify Key Gene Sets that Cause Complex Disease

(AI Insider – 10 June 2025) Northwestern University researchers have developed a generative AI tool called TWAVE to identify combinations of genes responsible for complex diseases like cancer, asthma, and diabetes. TWAVE uses limited gene expression data to model how groups of genes collectively contribute to disease traits, bypassing traditional limitations of genome-wide association studies that focus on single genes. The AI model enables personalized treatment strategies by revealing how different gene sets can produce the same disease in different individuals, and accounts for environmental factors by focusing on dynamic gene expression rather than static DNA sequences. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/10/northwestern-researchers-use-ai-to-identify-key-gene-sets-that-cause-complex-disease/

NVIDIA Introduces cBottle, a Generative AI Foundation Model that Simulates Global Climate at Kilometer-Scale Resolution

(AI Insider – 10 June 2025) NVIDIA has launched cBottle, the first generative AI model designed to simulate Earth’s climate at kilometer-scale resolution, promising a major leap in speed and efficiency for climate modeling. Part of the Earth-2 platform, cBottle compresses petabyte-scale climate data up to 3,000x per sample, allowing researchers to generate and analyze accurate atmospheric scenarios thousands of times faster than traditional numerical methods. Early adopters include the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology and the Allen Institute for AI, who are using cBottle to improve precision in climate forecasts and enable localized insights critical for weather response and climate resilience. – https://theaiinsider.tech/2025/06/10/nvidia-introduces-cbottle-a-generative-ai-foundation-model-that-simulates-global-climate-at-kilometer-scale-resolution/

Robot uses ‘claw machine’ design to sort stem cells for embryo model studies

(Interesting Engineering – 10 June 2025) Researchers have just unveiled a new sorting machine that could kick-start our grasp of how human life comes into being in the first few weeks. The system, created at the University of Washington in tandem with the Brotman Baty Institute, allows scientists to isolate these cellular models more efficiently than ever before. Gastruloids are stem cell-derived models that replicate a key phase of early embryonic development: the third week of gestation, when the body’s three primary germ layers begin to form. Because the new model sidesteps the red-flagged ethical territory of working with real embryos, it offers a cleaner, simpler sandbox for scientists unwilling or unable to work with real embryos. – https://interestingengineering.com/science/claw-machine-sorting-system-embryo

MIT builds brain for drones as new algorithm lets UAVs outsmart storms on the fly

(Interesting Engoneering – 10 June 2025) MIT researchers have developed a new machine-learning-based adaptive control algorithm for autonomous drones. The new algorithm was designed to help it mitigate the unpredictable effects of sudden wind gusts. Society is increasingly dependent on drones for things such as emergency first response and critical deliveries. However, drones are more susceptible to going off course in windy conditions compared to traditional aircraft due to their smaller size. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/algorithm-safeguards-drones-from-destructive-weather

China’s AlphaBot2 humanoid robot with first full-embodied AI works at auto factory

(Interesting Engineering – 10 June 2025) A general-purpose humanoid robot has been deployed in an automotive factory in China, advancing efforts towards intelligent manufacturing. According to a Chinese news outlet, developed by Shenzhen-based AI² Robotics, the AlphaBot2 robot is now performing a range of tasks, including quality inspection, assembly, logistics, and maintenance. The deployment also represents the first full-scenario validation of a domestically developed embodied AI model in China’s automotive sector. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-humanoid-robot-work-auto-factory

Hong Kong builds AI tool for breast cancer diagnosis

(DigWatch – 10 June 2025) Researchers at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology have unveiled a pioneering AI model called MOME for non-invasive breast cancer diagnosis. Using China’s largest multiparametric MRI breast cancer dataset, MOME performs at a level comparable to seasoned radiologists and is currently undergoing clinical trials in more than ten hospitals. – https://dig.watch/updates/hong-kong-builds-ai-tool-for-breast-cancer-diagnosis

Quantum system beats classical AI in real test, powers greener supercomputing future

(Quantum Insider – 9 June 2025) In a major leap toward the future of computing, researchers have shown that even small-scale quantum processors can outperform classical algorithms in machine learning tasks. The finding offers a glimpse into a faster, greener era within the relatively new research field of Quantum Machine Learning, a space gaining momentum across both academia and industry. The new study combines quantum computing and machine learning, two of the most disruptive technologies of our time. – https://interestingengineering.com/science/quantum-ai-supercomputer-breakthrough

China starts producing world-first non-binary AI chips for aviation, manufacturing

(Interesting Engineering – 9 June 2025) China has started mass production of the world’s first non-binary chips, adding this new technology to important industries like aviation and manufacturing. Spearheaded by Professor Li Hongge and his team at Beihang University in Beijing, this project resolves key problems in older systems by blending binary logic with random or probability-based logic. In doing so, it has enabled unprecedented fault tolerance and power efficiency, while smoothly sidestepping US chip restrictions. – https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-pioneers-a-radical-new-type-of-ai-chip

Science in Action: Biosensing for Food Safety

(Antara Ghosal Singh – Observer Research Foundation – 6 June 2025) The availability of safe food is crucial for maintaining both nutritional well-being and overall health security. Estimates indicate that 1 in 10 people fall ill after consuming contaminated food, and globally, 420,000 people die each year due to unsafe food consumption. Food contaminated by bacteria, viruses, and chemicals places an undue economic burden on the population. According to the World Bank, the cost of treatment in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is pegged at US$ 15 billion. Furthermore, food supply chains can be protected by robust surveillance and monitoring mechanisms that limit foodborne disease outbreaks, maintain consumer confidence, and protect trade interests. Traditional methods of detecting foodborne pathogens and other contaminants are often time-consuming and demand technologies that are rapid, highly sensitive, and hold a point-of-use application. Biosensors that utilise CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology stand as a suitable alternative offering immense potential for research and development (R&D), and scalability, thus ensuring food safety. – https://www.orfonline.org/research/in-chinese-discussions-of-pakistan-balochistan-not-kashmir-dominates